Library Research Guides: Orthopedic Surgery: Find Web Resources

Evaluate Your Sources

Before using any information you should critically evaluate source, especially if it is from a website. Consider:

WHO?
- Who created this resource? In what way(s) are they qualified to speak about this topic? In what way(s) are they potentially biased?
WHAT?
- What is the resource content actually addressing? Does it balance conflicting points of view?
WHEN?
- When was the resource created? Is there a more current resource that could be used? Was the resource ever updated or maintained?
WHERE?
- Where was this resource published? Is the publisher reputable?
- Where did the author(s) get their information from? Do they accurately cite their sources?
- Where does the resource fall under the evidence pyramid?
- Where does it fit into the current scholarly conversation about your topic?
WHY?
- Why did the author create the resource? What purpose does the resource have? Who is it intended for?
- Why did you choose this source? In what way(s) does it match your research question?

Trust and Credibility in Web-Based Health Information: A Review and Agenda for Future Research
Journal of Medical Internet Research, 2017-06-19, Volume 19, Number 6, Pages e218
The article seeks to present a profile of the research conducted on trust and credibility in Web-based health information (WHI) seeking, to identify the factors that impact judgments of trustworthiness and credibility, and to explore the role of demographic factors affecting trust formation.
Consumer Evaluation of the Quality of Online Health Information: Systematic Literature Review of Relevant Criteria and Indicators
Journal of Medical Internet Research, 2019-05-02, Volume 21, Number 5, Pages e12522
This review aims to identify how consumers assign value and worth to health information on the internet and what information they use to support this evaluation. Using this information, the authors try to provide guidelines for designing consumer health information systems.
Consumers’ Evaluation of Web-Based Health Information Quality: Meta-analysis
Journal of Medical Internet Research, 2022-04-28, Volume 24, Number 4, Pages e36463
This paper aims to identify the antecedents and consequences of consumers’ evaluation of web-based health information quality as a means to consolidate the related research stream and to inform future studies on web-based health information quality.

Ask yourself whether the resource you found applies to your clinical question. To evaluate it, you can use the PICO framework:

P	Patient/Problem	How would you describe a group of patients similar to yours? What are the most important characteristics of the patient?
I	Intervention/Exposure/Prognostic Factor	What main intervention are you considering? What do you want to do with this patient?
C	Comparison	What is the main alternative being considered, if any?
O	Outcome	What are you trying to accomplish, measure, improve or affect?

Once you've chosen a resource to use in your research, you need to delve into the details of the article in order to figure out whether it's an applicable and reputable source. The resources listed below can help you with the critical appraisal process.

CASP Checklists (Critical Appraisal Skills Program)
This set of eight critical appraisal tools are designed to be used when reading research.
CATmaker (Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine)
CATmaker is a computer-assisted critical appraisal tool, which helps you create Critically Appraised Topics (CATs), for the key articles you encounter about Therapy, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Aetiology/Harm and Systematic Reviews of Therapy.
Critical Appraisal Worksheets (Duke Medical Center Library & Archives)
Appraisal worksheets from the medical school at Duke University.

Essential Websites

Associations (.org) contain information about certification, continuing education, protocols and guidelines, research funding, advocacy, patient education, membership meetings and more.

Government websites (.gov) provide authoritative research and statistical information. The following websites offer up-to-date fact sheets, research highlights, guidelines, grant information, news, patient resources, and more.

ClinicalKey Videos: Orthopedic Surgery

Medical and surgical content in one dynamic resource, giving physicians access to over 900 top books, and over 500 top journals, as well as access to thousands of videos and millions of images. (Access for NYMC affiliates only.)

Primal Pictures: Interactive Anatomy

3D graphic rendering of human anatomy based on imaging data. (Access for NYMC affiliates only.)